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本文导读目录:

1、高中英语语法-附加疑问句特例集锦

2、附加疑问句特例集锦

3、英语特殊附加疑问句

  附加疑问句特例集锦   1.当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如:   I find English very interesting, dont you?   I dont like that film, do you?   2.当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody, no one等作主语,具有否定概念时。如:   Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they?   Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they?   Nobody wants to go there, does he?   3.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时,附加 疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如:   Everything seems all right now, doesnt it?   Nothing is kept in good order, is it?   Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it?   4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如:   This is important, isnt it?   That isnt correct, is it?   These are your friends Tom and Jack, arent they?   5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如:   One cant be too careful, can one?或can you?   One should do his duty, shouldnt he?   6.如果陈述部分用Im结构,附加疑问部分一般用arent I。如:   I am strong and healthy arent I。   7.当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如:   Theres no help for it, is there?   Theres something wrong, isnt there?   8.陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:   Bob rarely got drunk, did he?   Few people know him, do they?   She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?   如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如:   He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?   Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he?   9.当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:   She says that I did it, doesnt she?   I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I?   但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。   I suppose that hes serious isnt he?   I dont think she cares, does she?   10.当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:   Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he?   11.在由祈使句+附加疑问构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用will you, wont you, would you,有时也可用can you, cant you, why dont you, could you等。如:   Dont open the door, will you?   Give me some cigarettes, can you?   Take a rest, why dont you?   但是,以lets开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。如:   Lets have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?   Let us go out for a rest, will you?   12.当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示必须时,疑问部分用mustnt。如:   You must work hard next term, mustnt you?   I must answer the letter, mustnt I?   但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如:   You must have made a mistake, havent you?   They must have seen the film last week, didnt they?   He must be in the library, isnt he?   13.当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时,疑问部分可用usednt或didnt。如:   The old man used to smoke, didnt he?或usednt he?   Tom used to live here, usednt he?或didnt he?   14?当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分用oughtnt或shouldnt。如:   He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he?   We ought to read this book, oughtnt we?或shouldnt we?   15.当陈述部分含有had better时,疑问部分用had。   如:?Youd better finish your homework now, hadnt you?   16.感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如:   What a clever boy, isnt he?   What a lovely day, isnt it?   17.陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如:   Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it?   Between six and seven will suit you, wont it?   Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?   18.在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:   Oh, he is a writer, is he?   Youll not go, wont you?   19.陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如:   I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?   20.当陈述部分带有表示所有含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:   You have a new bike, havent you(或dont you)?   She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she?  1、附加疑问句特例集锦                 附加疑问句特例集锦    秦国清刘晓君 12月4日    1当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如: I find English very interesting, dont you? I dont like that film, do you? 2当陈述部分的   2、主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody, no one等作主语,具有否定概念时。如: Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they? Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they? Nobody wants to go there, does he? 3当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时,附加   3、疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如: Everything seems all right now, doesnt it? Nothing is kept in good order, is it? Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it? 4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如: This is important, isnt it? That isnt correct, is it? These are your friends Tom a   4、nd Jack, arent they? 5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如: One cant be too careful, can one?或can you? One should do his duty, shouldnt he? 6如果陈述部分用Im结构,附加疑问部分一般用arent I。如: I am strong and healthy arent I。 7当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如: Theres no help for it, i   5、s there? Theres something wrong, isnt there? 8陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如: Bob rarely got drunk, did he? Few people know him, do they? She seldom goes to the cinema, does she? 如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如: He was uns   6、uccessful, wasnt he? Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he? 9当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如: She says that I did it, doesnt she? I told them not everybody could do it ,didnt I? 但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。 I suppose that hes serious   7、 isnt he? I dont think she cares, does she? 10当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如: Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he? 11在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用will you, wont you, would you,有时也可用can you, cant you, why dont you, could you等。如: Dont open th   8、e door, will you? Give me some cigarettes, can you? Take a rest, why dont you? 但是,以lets开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。如: Lets have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we? Let us go out for a rest, will you? 12当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustnt。如: You m   9、ust work hard next term, mustnt you? I must answer the letter, mustnt I? 但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如: You must have made a mistake, havent you? They must have seen the film last week, didnt they? He must be in the library, isnt he? 13当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时,疑问部分可用usednt或   10、didnt。如: The old man used to smoke, didnt he?或usednt he? Tom used to live here, usednt he?或didnt he? 14当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分用oughtnt或shouldnt。如: He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he? We ought to read this book, oughtnt we?或shouldnt we? 15当陈述部分含有had better时,疑问部分用had。 如:Youd better finish your   11、homework now, hadnt you? 16感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如: What a clever boy, isnt he? What a lovely day, isnt it? 17陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如: Learning how             to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it? Bet   12、ween six and seven will suit you, wont it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it? 18在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如: Oh, he is a writer, is he? Youll not go, wont you? 19陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如: I wish to have a chance to learn English,   13、 may I? 20当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如: You have a new bike, havent you(或dont you)? She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she? 巩固练习: 1.I dont think that the necklace is made of diamond,_? A. do I B. do you C. isnt it D. is it 2.His wife had the carpets and the curtain   14、s cleaned,_? A. hadnt B. had C. didnt she D. did she 3.Its my sons wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,_? A. havent I B. dont I C. dont he D. isnt it 4.Harry wouldnt become a teacher if it hadnt been for the holiday, _? A. would he B. had it C. would it D. had he 5.No one left here   15、yesterday,_? A. didnt they B. did they C. didnt one D. did one 6.Birds rarely build nests in our garden,_? A. dont they B. do they C. didnt they D. did they 7.You must have been to the Great Wall,_? A. mustnt you B. havent you C. arent you D. must you 8.learning how to repair motors takes a long tim   16、e,_? A. doesnt it B. dont they C. does it D. do they 9.They must have stayed at home last night,_? A. mustnt they B. havent they C. didnt they D. must they 10.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,_? A. dont I B. dont you C. do I D. do you 11.Lets start out early tomorrow morning,_? A. shall we B.   17、 will you C. do you D. cant you 12.Theres not much news in todays newspaper,_? A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt there D. is there 13.They need our help badly at the moment,_? A. neednt they B. need they C. dont they D. do they 14.She is unfit for the position,_? A. is she B. isnt she C. doesnt she D. doe   18、s she 15.I wish to visit America,_? A. dont I B. can I C. may I D. may you 16.Shes been a worker here for many years,_? A. isnt she B. is she C. hasnt she D. has she 17.What beautiful flowers,_? A. arent they B. are they C. isnt it D. is it 18.Mother used to live in a poor village,_? A. sed she B. usednt she C. didnt he  【摘要】本文说明了什么是附加疑问句及其特点,按简单句、并列句和复合句的句子类型归纳了特殊附加疑问句的情况。   【关键词】附加疑问句 特殊附加疑问句   【中图分类号】G633.41 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089(2014)7-0106-02   附加疑问句(Tag Questions)也叫反意疑问句(Disjunctive Questions),是附加在陈述句之后用来征求对方的意见或证实所陈述的事实的简短问句。其基本结构为:(1) 肯定陈述句+否定附加疑问句 (2) 否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问句。陈述句后用逗号,附加疑问句后用问号。一般说来,附加疑问部分在人称、性、数、时态方面都必须与陈述部分保持一致,但也有一些特殊情况,即特殊附加疑问句,现根据句子的类型归纳如下:   一.简单句   1.陈述句   (1)当陈述句的主语是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody等不定代词时,附加疑问句的主语通常用they,但在很正式的文体中可用he;当陈述句的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing时,附加疑问句的主语用it。例如:   Everyone knows the news, don’t they?   Nothing can prevent us from going there, can it?   (2) 当陈述句的主语是one时,附加疑问句的主语在正式文体中用one ,在非正式文体中用you或he 。例如:   One can’t be too careful, can one / you / he?   One should learn from others, shouldn’t one?   (3) 当陈述句的主语是such时,附加疑问句的主语取决于such所指:若such指代单数主语,就用it;若such指代复数主语,就用they。例如:   Such is his nature, isn’t it?   Such are his words, aren’t they?   (4) 当陈述句的主语是从句、动词不定式、动名词或词组时,附加疑问句的主语用it。例如:   What I heard just now isn’t true, is it?   To master a foreign language is not easy, is it?   Playing football is exciting, isn’t it?   (5) 当陈述句部分含有 little, few, seldom, hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, never, nowwhere, nobody, neither 等否定词时,附加疑问句要用肯定式。例如:   He has little money left, does he?   They seldom watch TV, do they?   注意:①若此类词在句中作宾语,则附加疑问句既可用肯定式又可用否定式。例如:   He told nobody about it, did he / didn’t he?   ②若陈述句部分的动词含有带否定意义或陈述句部分含有否定前缀或后缀的词时,附加疑问句仍用否定式。例如:   They refused to come, didn’t they?   She dislikes playing football, doesn’t she?   (6)当陈述句含有must时,应视其意思来确定附加疑问句的形式:   ①当must表示“必须”、“有必要”时,其附加疑问句部分要用mustn’t 或needn’t例如:   He must stop for a rest, mustn’t he / needn’t he?   ②当must表示“禁止”时,其附加疑问句部分要用must或may。例如:   We mustn’t be late, must we / may we?   ③当must表示“肯定”、“一定”(推测)时,其附加疑问句部分不能出现must,要视其谓语部分的意思来确定附加疑问句的形式。例如:   Nancy must be watching TV now, isn’t she?   Jack must have read the book, hasn’t he?   You must have read the book yesterday, didn’t you?   (7) 当陈述句含有need或dare时,应视其作实意动词还是作情态动词来确定附加疑问句的形式。例如:   He needs a lot of money, doesn’t he?   He needn’t go there at once, need he?   (8) 当陈述句含有have to, ought to, used to;’d better, ’d like, ’d rather时,应考虑用助动词还是主动词来构成附加疑问句。例如:   He has to go back home now, doesn’t he?   He ought to go back home now, oughtn’t he?   He used to get up late, didn’t he / usen’t he?   He’d better begin to do it now, hadn’t he?   He’d like to do it now, wouldn’t he?   He’d rather do it now, wouldn’t he / hadn’t he?   (9) 当陈述句含有 there be 时,附加疑问句部分应有there。例如:   There won’t be any trouble in the work, will there?   There seems to be a shop there, doesn’t there?   There used to be a shop there, didn’t there / usedn’t there?   (10)当句子表示讽刺或怀疑时,要首先用简略式重复前者的话,然后加上相同形式的附加疑问句。:例如:   ――I am the top student of our class.   ――You are, are you?   ――You must follow me.   ――Oh,I must, must I?   ――So you don’t like coffee,don’t you?   2.祈使句   (1)一般的肯定祈使句,附加疑问句常用 “will you”来表示请求(“won’t you”不错),用“won’t you”来表示提醒对方、邀请或劝诱(“will you”不错)。而否定的祈使句的附加疑问句只能用肯定式。例如:   Pass me the cup, will you / won’t you?   Have a cup of tea, won’t you / will you?   Don’t keep the door open, will you?   (2) Let me / us / him / her / it / them 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用“will you?”。例如:   Let me go in, will you?   Let us do it, will you?   (3) 以Let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用“shall we?”   Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?   Let’s not move it away, shall we?   3.感叹句   当陈述部分是感叹句时,附加疑问部分由感叹句的主语和谓语来确定。例如:   What fine weather (it is), isn’t it?   How hard they are working, aren’t they?   二.并列句   当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的形式应与临近的分句一致。例如:   She is a diligent student and she often helps others, doesn’t she?   He was told about it again and again, but he still couldn’t remember it, could he?   三. 复合句   当陈述部分是复合句时,一般情况下,附加疑问句部分应与主句一致。例如:   He said that he would go to play basketball soon, didn’t he?   She doesn’t think it’ll be very cold, does she?   It’s the third time that he has come late this month, isn’t it?   但若陈述部分是下列情况,附加疑问句部分应与从句一致:   (1)主句的主语是第一人称且谓语动词是think、believe、consider、expect、 guess、imagine、suppose 等时。例如:   I don’t think he will come to the meeting, will he?   We guess that he works in a factory, doesn’t he?   (2)是句型It is / was said / reported / ――时。例如:   It’s said that he has gone aboard, hasn’t he?   (3)当与主句一致意思不通时。例如:   He told me that you had been to America, hadn’t you?   四. 其它特例   I am late, aren’t I / ain’t I?   Either you or I am to do it, aren’t we?   Neither he nor you should do it, should you?   I wish / want / hope to go back home now, may I/ok?   说明:其实,英语中的附加疑问句是根据意思而附加的。   参考文献:   张向阳“简析附加疑问句的习惯用法”,《中小学外语教学2008年第2期》
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原文地址:http://www.formosha.com/post/12231.html发布于:2026-01-10